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Frank Pega, Bálint Náfrádi, Natalie C. Momen, Yuka Ujita, Kai Nino Streicher, Annette Prüss‐Üstün, Alexis Descatha, Tim Driscoll, Frida Marina Fischer, Lode Godderis and 6 more
BACKGROUND: World Health Organization (WHO) and International Labour Organization (ILO) systematic reviews reported sufficient evidence for higher risks of ischemic heart disease and stroke amongst people working long hours (≥55 hours/week), compared with people working standard hours (35-40 hours/week). This article presents WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of global, regional, and national exposure to long working hours, for 194 countries, and the attributable burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke, for 183 countries, by sex and age, for 2000, 2010, and 2016. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We calculated population-attributable fractions from estimates of the population exposed to long working hours and relative risks of exposure on the diseases from the systematic reviews. The exposed population was modelled using data from 2324 cross-sectional surveys and 1742 quarterly survey datasets. Attributable disease burdens were estimated by applying the population-attributable fractions to WHO's Global Health Estimates of total disease burdens. RESULTS: In 2016, 488 million people (95% uncertainty range: 472-503 million), or 8.9% (8.6-9.1) of the global population, were exposed to working long hours (≥55 hours/week). An estimated 745,194 deaths (705,786-784,601) and 23.3 million disability-adjusted life years (22.2-24.4) from ischemic heart disease and stroke combined were attributable to this exposure. The population-attributable fractions for deaths were 3.7% (3.4-4.0) for ischemic heart disease and 6.9% for stroke (6.4-7.5); for disability-adjusted life years they were 5.3% (4.9-5.6) for ischemic heart disease and 9.3% (8.7-9.9) for stroke. CONCLUSIONS: WHO and ILO estimate exposure to long working hours (≥55 hours/week) is common and causes large attributable burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke. Protecting and promoting occupational and workers' safety and health requires interventions to reduce hazardous long working hours.
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Pega, F., Náfrádi, B., Momen, N. C., Ujita, Y., Streicher, K. N., Prüss‐Üstün, A., Descatha, A., Driscoll, T., Fischer, F. M., Godderis, L., Kiiver, H. M., Li, J., Hanson, L. L. M., Rugulies, R., Sørensen, K., & Woodruff, T. J. (2021). Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. Environment International, 154, 106595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595
Pega, Frank, et al. "Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury." Environment International, vol. 154, 2021, pp. 106595, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595.
Pega, Frank, Bálint Náfrádi, Natalie C. Momen, Yuka Ujita, Kai Nino Streicher, Annette Prüss‐Üstün, Alexis Descatha, et al. "Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury." Environment International 154 (2021): 106595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595.
Pega F., Náfrádi B., Momen N. C. [и др.] Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury // Environment International. — 2021. — Vol. 154. — P. 106595. — URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595
@article{pega2021global,
title = {{Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury}},
author = {Frank Pega and Bálint Náfrádi and Natalie C. Momen and Yuka Ujita and Kai Nino Streicher and Annette Prüss‐Üstün and Alexis Descatha and Tim Driscoll and Frida Marina Fischer and Lode Godderis and Hannah M. Kiiver and Jian Li and Linda L. Magnusson Hanson and Reiner Rugulies and Kathrine Sørensen and Tracey J. Woodruff},
journal = {Environment International},
year = {2021},
volume = {154},
pages = {106595},
doi = {10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595}
}TY - JOUR AU - Pega, Frank AU - Náfrádi, Bálint AU - Momen, Natalie C. AU - Ujita, Yuka AU - Streicher, Kai Nino AU - Prüss‐Üstün, Annette AU - Descatha, Alexis AU - Driscoll, Tim AU - Fischer, Frida Marina AU - Godderis, Lode AU - Kiiver, Hannah M. AU - Li, Jian AU - Hanson, Linda L. Magnusson AU - Rugulies, Reiner AU - Sørensen, Kathrine AU - Woodruff, Tracey J. TI - Global, regional, and national burdens of ischemic heart disease and stroke attributable to exposure to long working hours for 194 countries, 2000–2016: A systematic analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury JO - Environment International VL - 154 SP - 106595 PY - 2021 DA - 2021/05/16 DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106595 ER -
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