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Han Zao Li, Renwen Zhang, Yi‐Chieh Lee, Robert E. Kraut, David C. Mohr
Conversational artificial intelligence (AI), particularly AI-based conversational agents (CAs), is gaining traction in mental health care. Despite their growing usage, there is a scarcity of comprehensive evaluations of their impact on mental health and well-being. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to fill this gap by synthesizing evidence on the effectiveness of AI-based CAs in improving mental health and factors influencing their effectiveness and user experience. Twelve databases were searched for experimental studies of AI-based CAs' effects on mental illnesses and psychological well-being published before May 26, 2023. Out of 7834 records, 35 eligible studies were identified for systematic review, out of which 15 randomized controlled trials were included for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that AI-based CAs significantly reduce symptoms of depression (Hedge's g 0.64 [95% CI 0.17-1.12]) and distress (Hedge's g 0.7 [95% CI 0.18-1.22]). These effects were more pronounced in CAs that are multimodal, generative AI-based, integrated with mobile/instant messaging apps, and targeting clinical/subclinical and elderly populations. However, CA-based interventions showed no significant improvement in overall psychological well-being (Hedge's g 0.32 [95% CI -0.13 to 0.78]). User experience with AI-based CAs was largely shaped by the quality of human-AI therapeutic relationships, content engagement, and effective communication. These findings underscore the potential of AI-based CAs in addressing mental health issues. Future research should investigate the underlying mechanisms of their effectiveness, assess long-term effects across various mental health outcomes, and evaluate the safe integration of large language models (LLMs) in mental health care.
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Li, H. Z., Zhang, R., Lee, Y., Kraut, R. E., & Mohr, D. C. (2023). Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being. npj Digital Medicine, 6(1), 236. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5
Li, Han Zao, et al. "Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being." npj Digital Medicine, vol. 6, no. 1, 2023, pp. 236, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5.
Li, Han Zao, Renwen Zhang, Yi‐Chieh Lee, Robert E. Kraut, and David C. Mohr. "Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being." npj Digital Medicine 6, no. 1 (2023): 236. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5.
Li H. Z., Zhang R., Lee Y. [и др.] Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being // npj Digital Medicine. — 2023. — Vol. 6, № 1. — P. 236. — URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5
@article{li2023systematic,
title = {{Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being}},
author = {Han Zao Li and Renwen Zhang and Yi‐Chieh Lee and Robert E. Kraut and David C. Mohr},
journal = {npj Digital Medicine},
year = {2023},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
pages = {236},
doi = {10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5}
}TY - JOUR AU - Li, Han Zao AU - Zhang, Renwen AU - Lee, Yi‐Chieh AU - Kraut, Robert E. AU - Mohr, David C. TI - Systematic review and meta-analysis of AI-based conversational agents for promoting mental health and well-being JO - npj Digital Medicine VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 236 PY - 2023 DA - 2023/12/19 DO - 10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00979-5 ER -
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