Gaia Early Data Release 3

Published: 2020-12-03
Venue: Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 649, pp. A1
Cited by: 3,927
Open access: Yes, green
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657

Abstract

Context. We present the early installment of the third Gaia data release, Gaia EDR3, consisting of astrometry and photometry for 1.8 billion sources brighter than magnitude 21, complemented with the list of radial velocities from Gaia DR2. Aims. A summary of the contents of Gaia EDR3 is presented, accompanied by a discussion on the differences with respect to Gaia DR2 and an overview of the main limitations which are present in the survey. Recommendations are made on the responsible use of Gaia EDR3 results. Methods. The raw data collected with the Gaia instruments during the first 34 months of the mission have been processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium and turned into this early third data release, which represents a major advance with respect to Gaia DR2 in terms of astrometric and photometric precision, accuracy, and homogeneity. Results. Gaia EDR3 contains celestial positions and the apparent brightness in G for approximately 1.8 billion sources. For 1.5 billion of those sources, parallaxes, proper motions, and the ( G BP − G RP ) colour are also available. The passbands for G , G BP , and G RP are provided as part of the release. For ease of use, the 7 million radial velocities from Gaia DR2 are included in this release, after the removal of a small number of spurious values. New radial velocities will appear as part of Gaia DR3. Finally, Gaia EDR3 represents an updated materialisation of the celestial reference frame (CRF) in the optical, the Gaia -CRF3, which is based solely on extragalactic sources. The creation of the source list for Gaia EDR3 includes enhancements that make it more robust with respect to high proper motion stars, and the disturbing effects of spurious and partially resolved sources. The source list is largely the same as that for Gaia DR2, but it does feature new sources and there are some notable changes. The source list will not change for Gaia DR3. Conclusions. Gaia EDR3 represents a significant advance over Gaia DR2, with parallax precisions increased by 30 per cent, proper motion precisions increased by a factor of 2, and the systematic errors in the astrometry suppressed by 30–40% for the parallaxes and by a factor ~2.5 for the proper motions. The photometry also features increased precision, but above all much better homogeneity across colour, magnitude, and celestial position. A single passband for G , G BP , and G RP is valid over the entire magnitude and colour range, with no systematics above the 1% level

Abstract

@article{brown2020gaia, title = {{Gaia Early Data Release 3}}, author = {A. G. A. Brown and Antonella Vallenari and T. Prusti and Jos H. J. de Bruijne and C. Babusiaux and M. Biermann and O. L. Creevey and Dafydd Wyn Evans and L. Eyer and A. Hutton and F. A. Jansen and C. Jordi and S. A. Klioner and U. Lammers and L. Lindegren and X. Luri and F. Mignard and C. Panem and D. Pourbaix and Sofia Randich and P. Sartoretti and Caroline Soubiran and Nicholas A. Walton and F. Arenou and C. A. L. Bailer‐Jones and U. Bastian and Mark S. Cropper and R. Drimmel and David Katz and M. G. Lattanzi and Floor van Leeuwen and J. Bakker and C. Cacciari and J. Castañeda and F. De Angeli and Christine Ducourant and C. Fabricius and M. Fouesneau and Y. Frémat and R. Guerra and A. Guerrier and Julie Guiraud and A. Jean-Antoine Piccolo and E. Masana and R. Messineo and N. Mowlavï and C. Nicolas and K. Nienartowicz and F. Pailler and P. Panuzzo and F. Riclet and W. Roux and G. M. Seabroke and R. Sordo and P. Tanga and Frédéric Thévenin and G. Gracia-Abril and J. Portell and D. Teyssier and M. Altmann and R. Andrae and I. Bellas-Velidis and K. Benson and J. Berthier and R. Blomme and E. Brugaletta and P. W. Burgess and G. Busso and B. Carry and A. Cellino and N. Cheek and G. Clementini and Y. Damerdji and M. Davidson and L. Delchambre and Aldo Dell’Oro and J. Fernández-Hernández and L. Galluccio and P. García-Lario and M. Garcia-Reinaldos and J. González-Núñez and E. Gosset and R. Haigron and J. L. Halbwachs and N. C. Hambly and Diana L. Harrison and D. Hatzidimitriou and U. Heiter and J. Hernández and Daniel Hestroffer and S. T. Hodgkin and B. Holl and K. Janßen and G. Jevardat De Fombelle and Stefan Jordan and A. Krone-Martins and Alessandro C. Lanzafame and W. Löffler and A. Lorca and Minia Manteiga and O. Marchal and P. M. Marrese and Andre Moitinho and A. Mora and K. Muinonen and P. Osborne and E. Pancino and T. Pauwels and Jean-Marc Petit and Alejandra Recio-Blanco and P. J. Richards and M. Riello and L. Rimoldini and A. C. Robin and T. G. R. Roegiers and J. Rybizki and Luis Manuel Sarro and CHRISTOS V. SIOPIS and M. Smith and Alessandro Sozzetti and Ana Ulla and E. Utrilla and M. van Leeuwen and W. van Reeven and Ummi Abbas and A. Abreu Aramburu and S. Accart and Conny Aerts and J. J. Aguado and M. Ajaj and G. Altavilla and M. A. Álvarez and J. Álvarez Cid-Fuentes and J. Alves and Richard I. Anderson and E. Anglada Varela and T. Antoja and M. Audard and D. Baines and Steven G. Baker and L. Balaguer-Núñez and E. Balbinot and Z. Balog and C. Barache and D. Barbato and M. Barros and Martin Adrian Barstow and Santiago Bartolomé and J.-L. Bassilana and N. Bauchet and A. Baudesson-Stella and U. Becciani and M. Bellazzini and Marcel Bernet and S. Bertone and L. Bianchi and Sergi Blanco-Cuaresma and T. Boch and A. Bombrun and D. Bossini and S. Bouquillon and A. Bragaglia and L. Bramante and E. Breedt and Alessandro Bressan and N. Brouillet and B. Bucciarelli and A. Burlacu and D. Busonero and Alexey G. Butkevich and Raffaella Buzzi and E. Caffau and R. Cancelliere and H. Cánovas and T. Cantat-Gaudin and Ruth Carballo and T. Carlucci and M. I. Carnerero and J. M. Carrasco and L. Casamiquela and M. Castellani and A. Castro-Ginard and P. Castro Sampol and L. Chaoul and P. Charlot and L. Chemin and A. Chiavassa and Maria-Rosa L. Cioni and G. Comoretto and W. J. Cooper and T. Cornez and S. Cowell and F. Crifo and Mariateresa Crosta and Cian M. Crowley and Carlos Dafonte and A. Dapergolas and Marc David and Pedro David and P. de Laverny and F. De Luise and R. De March and J. De Ridder and R. de Souza and P. de Teodoro and A. de Torres and E. F. del Peloso and E. del Pozo and Marco Delbò and A. Delgado and H. E. Delgado and J.-B. Delisle and P. Di Matteo and S. Diakité and Catrina Diener and E. Distefano and C. Dolding and D. Eappachen and B. Edvardsson and H. Enke and Pilar Esquej and C. Fabre and M. Fabrizio and S. Faigler and G. Fedorets and P. Fernique and A. Fienga and F. Figueras and C. Fouron and Francesca Fragkoudi and E. Fraile and F. Franke and M. Gai and D. Garabato and Alejandro Garcia-Gutierrez and Miguel García-Torres and A. Garofalo and P. Gavras and E. Gerlach and R. Geyer and P. Giacobbe and Gerard F. Gilmore and S. Girona and G. Giuffrida and Roy Gomel and A. Gomez and I. González-Santamaría and J. J. González‐Vidal and Mikael Granvik and R. Gutiérrez–Sánchez and L. P. Guy and M. Häuser and M. Haywood and A. Helmi and S. L. Hidalgo and T. Hilger and Natalia Hładczuk and D. Hobbs and G. Holland and Howard E. Huckle and G. Jasniewicz and Peter Gustaaf Jonker and J. Juaristi Campillo and F. Julbé and L. Karbevska and P. Kervella and S. Khanna and A. Kochoska and M. Kontizas and G. Kordopatis and Andreas J. Korn and Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska and K. Kruszyńska and Sébastien B. Lambert and Antonino Francesco Lanza and Y. Lasne and J.-F. Le Campion and Y. Le Fustec and Y. Lebreton and T. Lebzelter and S. Leccia and N. Leclerc and I. Lecoeur-Taibi and S. Liao and E. Licata and H. E. P. Lindstrøm and Tim A. Lister and E. Livanou and A. Lobel and Pau Madrero Pardo and S. Managau and R. Mann and J. M. Marchant and Marcella Marconi and M. M. S. Marcos Santos and S. Marinoni and Federico Marocco and D. J. Marshall and L. Martin Polo and J Martín-Fleitas and A. Masip and D. Massari and A. Mastrobuono-Battisti and T. Mazeh and P. J. McMillan and S. Messina and Daniel Michalik and N. R. Millar and Alexey Mints and D. Molina and R. Molinaro and Laszlo Molnar and P. Montegriffo and R. Mor and R. Morbidelli and Thierry Morel and D. Morris and A. F. Mulone and D. Munoz and T. Muraveva and C. P. Murphy and I. Musella and L. Noval and Christophe Ordenovic and G. Orrù and J. Osinde and Claudio Pagani and I. Pagano and L. Palaversa and P. A. Palicio and A. Panahi and M. Pawlak and X. Peñalosa Esteller and Antti Penttilä and Anna Marina Piersimoni and F.‐X. Pineau and E. Plachy and G. Plum and E. Poggio and Ennio Poretti and E. Poujoulet and A. Prša and L. Pulone and E. Racero and S. Ragaini and Monica Rainer and C. M. Raiteri and Nicolas Rambaux and Pau Ramos and M. Ramos-Lerate and P. Re Fiorentin and S. Regibo and C. Reylé and V. Ripepi and Alberto Riva and Guy T. Rixon and N. Robichon and C. Robin and M. Roelens and L. Rohrbasser and Mercè Romero-Gómez and N. Rowell and Frédéric Royer and Krzysztof A. Rybicki and G. Sadowski and A. Sagristà Sellés and J. Sahlmann and Jesús J. Salgado and E. Salguero and Nick Samaras and V. Sanchez Gimenez and N. Sanna and Raúl Santoveña and Maria Sarasso and Mathias Schultheis and ‬‬‬‬‬‬Eva Sciacca and M. Segol and J. C. Segovia and Damien Ségransan and D. Semeux and S. Shahaf and H. I. Siddiqui and A. Siebert and L. Siltala and E. Slezak and Richard L. Smart and Enrique Solano and F. Solitro and D. Souami and J. Souchay and Alessandro Spagna and F. Spoto and Iain A. Steele and Hagen Steidelmüller and C. A. Stephenson and M. Süveges and L. Szabados and Elza Szegedi-Elek and F. Taris and G. Tauran and Mark B. Taylor and Ramachrisna Teixeira and W. Thuillot and Nadia Tonello G and F. Torra and J. Torra and C. Turon and N. Unger and M. Vaillant and E. van Dillen and O. Vanel and Alberto Vecchiato and Yves Viala and David Vicente and S. Voutsinas and Michael Weiler and T. Wevers and Ł. Wyrzykowski and A. Yoldas and P. Yvard and H. Zhao and J. Zorec and S. Zucker and Claude Zurbach and T. Zwitter}, journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics}, year = {2020}, volume = {649}, pages = {A1}, doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/202039657}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039657} }

TY - JOUR AU - Brown, A. G. A. AU - Vallenari, Antonella AU - Prusti, T. AU - Bruijne, Jos H. J. de AU - Babusiaux, C. AU - Biermann, M. AU - Creevey, O. L. AU - Evans, Dafydd Wyn AU - Eyer, L. AU - Hutton, A. AU - Jansen, F. A. AU - Jordi, C. AU - Klioner, S. A. AU - Lammers, U. AU - Lindegren, L. AU - Luri, X. AU - Mignard, F. AU - Panem, C. AU - Pourbaix, D. AU - Randich, Sofia AU - Sartoretti, P. AU - Soubiran, Caroline AU - Walton, Nicholas A. AU - Arenou, F. AU - Bailer‐Jones, C. A. L. AU - Bastian, U. AU - Cropper, Mark S. AU - Drimmel, R. AU - Katz, David AU - Lattanzi, M. G. AU - Leeuwen, Floor van AU - Bakker, J. AU - Cacciari, C. AU - Castañeda, J. AU - Angeli, F. De AU - Ducourant, Christine AU - Fabricius, C. AU - Fouesneau, M. AU - Frémat, Y. AU - Guerra, R. AU - Guerrier, A. AU - Guiraud, Julie AU - Piccolo, A. Jean-Antoine AU - Masana, E. AU - Messineo, R. AU - Mowlavï, N. AU - Nicolas, C. AU - Nienartowicz, K. AU - Pailler, F. AU - Panuzzo, P. AU - Riclet, F. AU - Roux, W. AU - Seabroke, G. M. AU - Sordo, R. AU - Tanga, P. AU - Thévenin, Frédéric AU - Gracia-Abril, G. AU - Portell, J. AU - Teyssier, D. AU - Altmann, M. AU - Andrae, R. AU - Bellas-Velidis, I. AU - Benson, K. AU - Berthier, J. AU - Blomme, R. AU - Brugaletta, E. AU - Burgess, P. W. AU - Busso, G. AU - Carry, B. AU - Cellino, A. AU - Cheek, N. AU - Clementini, G. AU - Damerdji, Y. AU - Davidson, M. AU - Delchambre, L. AU - Dell’Oro, Aldo AU - Fernández-Hernández, J. AU - Galluccio, L. AU - García-Lario, P. AU - Garcia-Reinaldos, M. AU - González-Núñez, J. AU - Gosset, E. AU - Haigron, R. AU - Halbwachs, J. L. AU - Hambly, N. C. AU - Harrison, Diana L. AU - Hatzidimitriou, D. AU - Heiter, U. AU - Hernández, J. AU - Hestroffer, Daniel AU - Hodgkin, S. T. AU - Holl, B. AU - Janßen, K. AU - Fombelle, G. Jevardat De AU - Jordan, Stefan AU - Krone-Martins, A. AU - Lanzafame, Alessandro C. AU - Löffler, W. AU - Lorca, A. AU - Manteiga, Minia AU - Marchal, O. AU - Marrese, P. M. AU - Moitinho, Andre AU - Mora, A. AU - Muinonen, K. AU - Osborne, P. AU - Pancino, E. AU - Pauwels, T. AU - Petit, Jean-Marc AU - Recio-Blanco, Alejandra AU - Richards, P. J. AU - Riello, M. AU - Rimoldini, L. AU - Robin, A. C. AU - Roegiers, T. G. R. AU - Rybizki, J. AU - Sarro, Luis Manuel AU - SIOPIS, CHRISTOS V. AU - Smith, M. AU - Sozzetti, Alessandro AU - Ulla, Ana AU - Utrilla, E. AU - Leeuwen, M. van AU - Reeven, W. van AU - Abbas, Ummi AU - Aramburu, A. Abreu AU - Accart, S. AU - Aerts, Conny AU - Aguado, J. J. AU - Ajaj, M. AU - Altavilla, G. AU - Álvarez, M. A. AU - Cid-Fuentes, J. Álvarez AU - Alves, J. AU - Anderson, Richard I. AU - Varela, E. Anglada AU - Antoja, T. AU - Audard, M. AU - Baines, D. AU - Baker, Steven G. AU - Balaguer-Núñez, L. AU - Balbinot, E. AU - Balog, Z. AU - Barache, C. AU - Barbato, D. AU - Barros, M. AU - Barstow, Martin Adrian AU - Bartolomé, Santiago AU - Bassilana, J.-L. AU - Bauchet, N. AU - Baudesson-Stella, A. AU - Becciani, U. AU - Bellazzini, M. AU - Bernet, Marcel AU - Bertone, S. AU - Bianchi, L. AU - Blanco-Cuaresma, Sergi AU - Boch, T. AU - Bombrun, A. AU - Bossini, D. AU - Bouquillon, S. AU - Bragaglia, A. AU - Bramante, L. AU - Breedt, E. AU - Bressan, Alessandro AU - Brouillet, N. AU - Bucciarelli, B. AU - Burlacu, A. AU - Busonero, D. AU - Butkevich, Alexey G. AU - Buzzi, Raffaella AU - Caffau, E. AU - Cancelliere, R. AU - Cánovas, H. AU - Cantat-Gaudin, T. AU - Carballo, Ruth AU - Carlucci, T. AU - Carnerero, M. I. AU - Carrasco, J. M. AU - Casamiquela, L. AU - Castellani, M. AU - Castro-Ginard, A. AU - Sampol, P. Castro AU - Chaoul, L. AU - Charlot, P. AU - Chemin, L. AU - Chiavassa, A. AU - Cioni, Maria-Rosa L. AU - Comoretto, G. AU - Cooper, W. J. AU - Cornez, T. AU - Cowell, S. AU - Crifo, F. AU - Crosta, Mariateresa AU - Crowley, Cian M. AU - Dafonte, Carlos AU - Dapergolas, A. AU - David, Marc AU - David, Pedro AU - Laverny, P. de AU - Luise, F. De AU - March, R. De AU - Ridder, J. De AU - Souza, R. de AU - Teodoro, P. de AU - Torres, A. de AU - Peloso, E. F. del AU - Pozo, E. del AU - Delbò, Marco AU - Delgado, A. AU - Delgado, H. E. AU - Delisle, J.-B. AU - Matteo, P. Di AU - Diakité, S. AU - Diener, Catrina AU - Distefano, E. AU - Dolding, C. AU - Eappachen, D. AU - Edvardsson, B. AU - Enke, H. AU - Esquej, Pilar AU - Fabre, C. AU - Fabrizio, M. AU - Faigler, S. AU - Fedorets, G. AU - Fernique, P. AU - Fienga, A. AU - Figueras, F. AU - Fouron, C. AU - Fragkoudi, Francesca AU - Fraile, E. AU - Franke, F. AU - Gai, M. AU - Garabato, D. AU - Garcia-Gutierrez, Alejandro AU - García-Torres, Miguel AU - Garofalo, A. AU - Gavras, P. AU - Gerlach, E. AU - Geyer, R. AU - Giacobbe, P. AU - Gilmore, Gerard F. AU - Girona, S. AU - Giuffrida, G. AU - Gomel, Roy AU - Gomez, A. AU - González-Santamaría, I. AU - González‐Vidal, J. J. AU - Granvik, Mikael AU - Gutiérrez–Sánchez, R. AU - Guy, L. P. AU - Häuser, M. AU - Haywood, M. AU - Helmi, A. AU - Hidalgo, S. L. AU - Hilger, T. AU - Hładczuk, Natalia AU - Hobbs, D. AU - Holland, G. AU - Huckle, Howard E. AU - Jasniewicz, G. AU - Jonker, Peter Gustaaf AU - Campillo, J. Juaristi AU - Julbé, F. AU - Karbevska, L. AU - Kervella, P. AU - Khanna, S. AU - Kochoska, A. AU - Kontizas, M. AU - Kordopatis, G. AU - Korn, Andreas J. AU - Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z. AU - Kruszyńska, K. AU - Lambert, Sébastien B. AU - Lanza, Antonino Francesco AU - Lasne, Y. AU - Campion, J.-F. Le AU - Fustec, Y. Le AU - Lebreton, Y. AU - Lebzelter, T. AU - Leccia, S. AU - Leclerc, N. AU - Lecoeur-Taibi, I. AU - Liao, S. AU - Licata, E. AU - Lindstrøm, H. E. P. AU - Lister, Tim A. AU - Livanou, E. AU - Lobel, A. AU - Pardo, Pau Madrero AU - Managau, S. AU - Mann, R. AU - Marchant, J. M. AU - Marconi, Marcella AU - Santos, M. M. S. Marcos AU - Marinoni, S. AU - Marocco, Federico AU - Marshall, D. J. AU - Polo, L. Martin AU - Martín-Fleitas, J AU - Masip, A. AU - Massari, D. AU - Mastrobuono-Battisti, A. AU - Mazeh, T. AU - McMillan, P. J. AU - Messina, S. AU - Michalik, Daniel AU - Millar, N. R. AU - Mints, Alexey AU - Molina, D. AU - Molinaro, R. AU - Molnar, Laszlo AU - Montegriffo, P. AU - Mor, R. AU - Morbidelli, R. AU - Morel, Thierry AU - Morris, D. AU - Mulone, A. F. AU - Munoz, D. AU - Muraveva, T. AU - Murphy, C. P. AU - Musella, I. AU - Noval, L. AU - Ordenovic, Christophe AU - Orrù, G. AU - Osinde, J. AU - Pagani, Claudio AU - Pagano, I. AU - Palaversa, L. AU - Palicio, P. A. AU - Panahi, A. AU - Pawlak, M. AU - Esteller, X. Peñalosa AU - Penttilä, Antti AU - Piersimoni, Anna Marina AU - Pineau, F.‐X. AU - Plachy, E. AU - Plum, G. AU - Poggio, E. AU - Poretti, Ennio AU - Poujoulet, E. AU - Prša, A. AU - Pulone, L. AU - Racero, E. AU - Ragaini, S. AU - Rainer, Monica AU - Raiteri, C. M. AU - Rambaux, Nicolas AU - Ramos, Pau AU - Ramos-Lerate, M. AU - Fiorentin, P. Re AU - Regibo, S. AU - Reylé, C. AU - Ripepi, V. AU - Riva, Alberto AU - Rixon, Guy T. AU - Robichon, N. AU - Robin, C. AU - Roelens, M. AU - Rohrbasser, L. AU - Romero-Gómez, Mercè AU - Rowell, N. AU - Royer, Frédéric AU - Rybicki, Krzysztof A. AU - Sadowski, G. AU - Sellés, A. Sagristà AU - Sahlmann, J. AU - Salgado, Jesús J. AU - Salguero, E. AU - Samaras, Nick AU - Gimenez, V. Sanchez AU - Sanna, N. AU - Santoveña, Raúl AU - Sarasso, Maria AU - Schultheis, Mathias AU - Sciacca, ‬‬‬‬‬‬Eva AU - Segol, M. AU - Segovia, J. C. AU - Ségransan, Damien AU - Semeux, D. AU - Shahaf, S. AU - Siddiqui, H. I. AU - Siebert, A. AU - Siltala, L. AU - Slezak, E. AU - Smart, Richard L. AU - Solano, Enrique AU - Solitro, F. AU - Souami, D. AU - Souchay, J. AU - Spagna, Alessandro AU - Spoto, F. AU - Steele, Iain A. AU - Steidelmüller, Hagen AU - Stephenson, C. A. AU - Süveges, M. AU - Szabados, L. AU - Szegedi-Elek, Elza AU - Taris, F. AU - Tauran, G. AU - Taylor, Mark B. AU - Teixeira, Ramachrisna AU - Thuillot, W. AU - G, Nadia Tonello AU - Torra, F. AU - Torra, J. AU - Turon, C. AU - Unger, N. AU - Vaillant, M. AU - Dillen, E. van AU - Vanel, O. AU - Vecchiato, Alberto AU - Viala, Yves AU - Vicente, David AU - Voutsinas, S. AU - Weiler, Michael AU - Wevers, T. AU - Wyrzykowski, Ł. AU - Yoldas, A. AU - Yvard, P. AU - Zhao, H. AU - Zorec, J. AU - Zucker, S. AU - Zurbach, Claude AU - Zwitter, T. TI - Gaia Early Data Release 3 JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics VL - 649 SP - A1 PY - 2020 DA - 2020/12/03 DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202039657 UR - https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039657 ER -

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