- Published
- 2024-09-03
- Venue
- BMJ, vol. 386, pp. e078276
- Cited by
- 523
- Open access
- Yes, hybrid
- DOI
- 10.1136/bmj-2023-078276
- PubMed
- 39227063
Abstract
Predicting future outcomes of patients is essential to clinical practice, with many prediction models published each year. Empirical evidence suggests that published studies often have severe methodological limitations, which undermine their usefulness. This article presents a step-by-step guide to help researchers develop and evaluate a clinical prediction model. The guide covers best practices in defining the aim and users, selecting data sources, addressing missing data, exploring alternative modelling options, and assessing model performance. The steps are illustrated using an example from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Comprehensive R code is also provided.
Cite this paper
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- APA 7
Efthimiou, O., Seo, M., Chalkou, K., Debray, T. P. A., Egger, M., & Salanti, G. (2024). Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide. BMJ, 386, e078276. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078276
- MLA 9
Efthimiou, Orestis, et al. "Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide." BMJ, vol. 386, 2024, pp. e078276, https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078276.
- Chicago
Efthimiou, Orestis, Michael Seo, Konstantina Chalkou, Thomas P. A. Debray, Matthias Egger, and Georgia Salanti. "Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide." BMJ 386 (2024): e078276. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078276.
- GOST
Efthimiou O., Seo M., Chalkou K. [и др.] Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide // BMJ. — 2024. — Vol. 386. — P. e078276. — URL: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078276
- BibTeX
@article{efthimiou2024developing, title = {{Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide}}, author = {Orestis Efthimiou and Michael Seo and Konstantina Chalkou and Thomas P. A. Debray and Matthias Egger and Georgia Salanti}, journal = {BMJ}, year = {2024}, volume = {386}, pages = {e078276}, doi = {10.1136/bmj-2023-078276}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078276} }- RIS
TY - JOUR AU - Efthimiou, Orestis AU - Seo, Michael AU - Chalkou, Konstantina AU - Debray, Thomas P. A. AU - Egger, Matthias AU - Salanti, Georgia TI - Developing clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide JO - BMJ VL - 386 SP - e078276 PY - 2024 DA - 2024/09/03 DO - 10.1136/bmj-2023-078276 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2023-078276 ER -