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Esben Østergaard Eriksen, Eglė Kudirkienė, Anja Ejlersgård Christensen, Marianne Viuf Agerlin, Nicolai Rosager Weber, Ane Nødtvedt, Jens Peter Nielsen, Katrine Top Hartmann, Lotte Skade, Lars Erik Larsen and 4 more
BACKGROUND: Porcine post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) has reemerged as an important topic in pig production, as common control strategies based on prophylactic use of antimicrobials and zinc oxide have been deemed unsustainable. The objectives of this study were to estimate the cumulative incidence of porcine post-weaning diarrhea with different etiologies in production systems weaning without zinc oxide and prophylactic antimicrobials, to assess risk factors for post-weaning diarrhea, and to estimate the impact of post-weaning diarrhea on growth rate. A cohort study was conducted at two commercial indoor producers weaning without medicinal zinc oxide and prophylactic antimicrobials. RESULTS: Piglets were included at birth (n = 300) and 272 survived until weaning. After insertion to the nursery units, the piglets were clinically examined every day for 14 days, and rectal swabs were collected and analyzed for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and rotavirus A. The cumulative incidences of PWD the first 14 days after insertion to the nursery units were 41.8% (CI 33.6, 50.4) and 51.1% (CI 42.3, 60.0) at the two producers, respectively. We found a low incidence of cases associated to ETEC, and detected a substantial proportion of cases associated to rotavirus. We observed a biphasic pattern in the assumed etiology with rotavirus occurring first, and then a shift towards cases associated to ETEC/non-ETEC hemolytic E. coli. Being offspring of older sows was a protective factor for the development of PWD (Hazard ratio = 0.88 [CI 0.78, 0.99] per unit increase in parity of the dam). Low birth weight reduced the post-weaning growth rate (- 5.2 g/day [CI - 7.5, - 2.9] per 100 g decrease in birthweight) and increased the hazard of developing PWD (Hazard ratio for birthweight below 1100 g: 2.30 [CI 1.41-3.74]). The combined effect of having diarrhea for 2 days or more and receiving antimicrobial treatment was associated with an increased average daily weight gain. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests novel insights regarding pathogen dynamics and risk factors for PWD in productions not using prophylactic antimicrobials and medicinal zinc. The findings may have important implications for both antimicrobial usage and prevention strategies.
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Eriksen, E. Ø., Kudirkienė, E., Christensen, A. E., Agerlin, M. V., Weber, N. R., Nødtvedt, A., Nielsen, J. P., Hartmann, K. T., Skade, L., Larsen, L. E., Pankoke, K., Olsen, J. E., Jensen, H. E., & Pedersen, K. S. (2021). Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs weaned without medicinal zinc: risk factors, pathogen dynamics, and association to growth rate. Porcine Health Management, 7(1), 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z
Eriksen, Esben Østergaard, et al. "Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs weaned without medicinal zinc: risk factors, pathogen dynamics, and association to growth rate." Porcine Health Management, vol. 7, no. 1, 2021, pp. 54, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z.
Eriksen, Esben Østergaard, Eglė Kudirkienė, Anja Ejlersgård Christensen, Marianne Viuf Agerlin, Nicolai Rosager Weber, Ane Nødtvedt, Jens Peter Nielsen, et al. "Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs weaned without medicinal zinc: risk factors, pathogen dynamics, and association to growth rate." Porcine Health Management 7, no. 1 (2021): 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z.
Eriksen E. Ø., Kudirkienė E., Christensen A. E. [и др.] Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs weaned without medicinal zinc: risk factors, pathogen dynamics, and association to growth rate // Porcine Health Management. — 2021. — Vol. 7, № 1. — P. 54. — URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z
@article{eriksen2021postweaning,
title = {{Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs weaned without medicinal zinc: risk factors, pathogen dynamics, and association to growth rate}},
author = {Esben Østergaard Eriksen and Eglė Kudirkienė and Anja Ejlersgård Christensen and Marianne Viuf Agerlin and Nicolai Rosager Weber and Ane Nødtvedt and Jens Peter Nielsen and Katrine Top Hartmann and Lotte Skade and Lars Erik Larsen and Karen Pankoke and John Elmerdahl Olsen and Henrik Elvang Jensen and Ken Steen Pedersen},
journal = {Porcine Health Management},
year = {2021},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {54},
doi = {10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z}
}TY - JOUR AU - Eriksen, Esben Østergaard AU - Kudirkienė, Eglė AU - Christensen, Anja Ejlersgård AU - Agerlin, Marianne Viuf AU - Weber, Nicolai Rosager AU - Nødtvedt, Ane AU - Nielsen, Jens Peter AU - Hartmann, Katrine Top AU - Skade, Lotte AU - Larsen, Lars Erik AU - Pankoke, Karen AU - Olsen, John Elmerdahl AU - Jensen, Henrik Elvang AU - Pedersen, Ken Steen TI - Post-weaning diarrhea in pigs weaned without medicinal zinc: risk factors, pathogen dynamics, and association to growth rate JO - Porcine Health Management VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 54 PY - 2021 DA - 2021/10/09 DO - 10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-021-00232-z ER -
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