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Qinyu Zhao, Jing‐chao Luo, Ying Su, Yijie Zhang, Guo-Wei Tu, Zhe Luo
It is increasingly important to accurately and comprehensively estimate the effects of particular clinical treatments. Although randomization is the current gold standard, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often limited in practice due to ethical and cost issues. Observational studies have also attracted a great deal of attention as, quite often, large historical datasets are available for these kinds of studies. However, observational studies also have their drawbacks, mainly including the systematic differences in baseline covariates, which relate to outcomes between treatment and control groups that can potentially bias results. Propensity score methods, which are a series of balancing methods in these studies, have become increasingly popular by virtue of the two major advantages of dimension reduction and design separation. Within this approach, propensity score matching (PSM) has been empirically proven, with outstanding performances across observational datasets. While PSM tutorials are available in the literature, there is still room for improvement. Some PSM tutorials provide step-by-step guidance, but only one or two packages have been covered, thereby limiting their scope and practicality. Several articles and books have expounded upon propensity scores in detail, exploring statistical principles and theories; however, the lack of explanations on function usage in programming language has made it difficult for researchers to understand and follow these materials. To this end, this tutorial was developed with a six-step PSM framework, in which we summarize the recent updates and provide step-by-step guidance to the R programming language. This tutorial offers researchers with a broad survey of PSM, ranging from data preprocessing to estimations of propensity scores, and from matching to analyses. We also explain generalized propensity scoring for multiple or continuous treatments, as well as time-dependent PSM. Lastly, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of propensity score methods.
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Zhao, Q., Luo, J., Su, Y., Zhang, Y., Tu, G.-W., & Luo, Z. (2021). Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features. Annals of Translational Medicine, 9(9), 812. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3998
Zhao, Qinyu, et al. "Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features." Annals of Translational Medicine, vol. 9, no. 9, 2021, pp. 812, https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3998.
Zhao, Qinyu, Jing‐chao Luo, Ying Su, Yijie Zhang, Guo-Wei Tu, and Zhe Luo. "Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features." Annals of Translational Medicine 9, no. 9 (2021): 812. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3998.
Zhao Q., Luo J., Su Y. [и др.] Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features // Annals of Translational Medicine. — 2021. — Vol. 9, № 9. — P. 812. — URL: https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3998
@article{zhao2021propensity,
title = {{Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features}},
author = {Qinyu Zhao and Jing‐chao Luo and Ying Su and Yijie Zhang and Guo-Wei Tu and Zhe Luo},
journal = {Annals of Translational Medicine},
year = {2021},
volume = {9},
number = {9},
pages = {812},
doi = {10.21037/atm-20-3998},
url = {https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3998}
}TY - JOUR AU - Zhao, Qinyu AU - Luo, Jing‐chao AU - Su, Ying AU - Zhang, Yijie AU - Tu, Guo-Wei AU - Luo, Zhe TI - Propensity score matching with R: conventional methods and new features JO - Annals of Translational Medicine VL - 9 IS - 9 SP - 812 PY - 2021 DA - 2021/05/01 DO - 10.21037/atm-20-3998 UR - https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-3998 ER -
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