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Hung-Jin Huang, Yu‐Hsuan Lee, Yung‐Ho Hsu, Chia‐Te Liao, Yuh‐Feng Lin, Hui‐Wen Chiu
Millions of experimental animals are widely used in the assessment of toxicological or biological effects of manufactured nanomaterials in medical technology. However, the animal consciousness has increased and become an issue for debate in recent years. Currently, the principle of the 3Rs (i.e., reduction, refinement, and replacement) is applied to ensure the more ethical application of humane animal research. In order to avoid unethical procedures, the strategy of alternatives to animal testing has been employed to overcome the drawbacks of animal experiments. This article provides current alternative strategies to replace or reduce the use of experimental animals in the assessment of nanotoxicity. The currently available alternative methods include in vitro and in silico approaches, which can be used as cost-effective approaches to meet the principle of the 3Rs. These methods are regarded as non-animal approaches and have been implemented in many countries for scientific purposes. The in vitro experiments related to nanotoxicity assays involve cell culture testing and tissue engineering, while the in silico methods refer to prediction using molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) modeling. The commonly used novel cell-based methods and computational approaches have the potential to help minimize the use of experimental animals for nanomaterial toxicity assessments.
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Huang, H.-J., Lee, Y., Hsu, Y., Liao, C., Lin, Y., & Chiu, H. (2021). Current Strategies in Assessment of Nanotoxicity: Alternatives to In Vivo Animal Testing. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(8), 4216. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084216
Huang, Hung-Jin, et al. "Current Strategies in Assessment of Nanotoxicity: Alternatives to In Vivo Animal Testing." International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 22, no. 8, 2021, pp. 4216, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084216.
Huang, Hung-Jin, Yu‐Hsuan Lee, Yung‐Ho Hsu, Chia‐Te Liao, Yuh‐Feng Lin, and Hui‐Wen Chiu. "Current Strategies in Assessment of Nanotoxicity: Alternatives to In Vivo Animal Testing." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8 (2021): 4216. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084216.
Huang H.-J., Lee Y., Hsu Y. [и др.] Current Strategies in Assessment of Nanotoxicity: Alternatives to In Vivo Animal Testing // International Journal of Molecular Sciences. — 2021. — Vol. 22, № 8. — P. 4216. — URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084216
@article{huang2021current,
title = {{Current Strategies in Assessment of Nanotoxicity: Alternatives to In Vivo Animal Testing}},
author = {Hung-Jin Huang and Yu‐Hsuan Lee and Yung‐Ho Hsu and Chia‐Te Liao and Yuh‐Feng Lin and Hui‐Wen Chiu},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
year = {2021},
volume = {22},
number = {8},
pages = {4216},
doi = {10.3390/ijms22084216},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084216}
}TY - JOUR AU - Huang, Hung-Jin AU - Lee, Yu‐Hsuan AU - Hsu, Yung‐Ho AU - Liao, Chia‐Te AU - Lin, Yuh‐Feng AU - Chiu, Hui‐Wen TI - Current Strategies in Assessment of Nanotoxicity: Alternatives to In Vivo Animal Testing JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences VL - 22 IS - 8 SP - 4216 PY - 2021 DA - 2021/04/19 DO - 10.3390/ijms22084216 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22084216 ER -
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